International Date Line Located at 180 longitude (180 E and 180 W are the same meridian). When it is noon along the prime meridian, it is midnight along the International Date Line. The 24 time zones extend east and west around the globe for 180 to the International Date Line. With the Greenwich meridian as the starting point, each 15 east and west marks a new time zone. The time at 0 is called Universal Time (UT) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). The Earth's time zones are measured from the prime meridian. The prime meridian divides the globe into the Western and Eastern hemispheres. The prime meridian runs through the Royal Greenwich Observatory in Greenwich, England (the location was established in 1884 by international agreement). prime meridian Zero degrees longitude (0). The equator appears halfway between the North and South poles, at the widest circumference of the globe. The equator divides the globe into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
The Sun is directly overhead the equator at noon on the two equinoxes (March and Sept. The four hemispheres are the Northern and Southern hemispheres, divided by the equator (0 latitude), and the Eastern and Western hemispheres, divided by the prime meridian (0 longitude) and the International Date Line (180). hemisphere A hemisphere is half the Earth's surface. It is believed that the continents have spread out due to plate tectonics. continental drift Theory that the earth's continents at one time were once part of a singular landmass. The Tropic of Cancer, for example, can be expressed in degrees and minutes (2330? N) or in decimal degrees (23.5 N). (Latitude is always listed first.) A less common format for listing coordinates is in decimal degrees. Using minutes and seconds as well as degrees, the coordinates for New York would be 4042?51? N, 740?23? W.
The geographic coordinates of New York City, for example, are 40 N, 74 W, meaning that it is located 40 degrees north latitude and 74 degrees west longitude. Latitude and longitude coordinates also include cardinal directions: north or south of the equator for latitude, and east or west of the prime meridian for longitude. Each degree is divided into 60 minutes, which in turn is divided into 60 seconds. Like a circle, the Earth has 360 degrees. The units of measurement for geographic coordinates are degrees (), minutes (?), and seconds (?). By combining longitude and latitude measurements, any location on earth can be determined. geographic coordinates Latitude and longitude lines form an imaginary grid over the Earth's surface. The degrees of longitude run 180 east and 180 west from the prime meridian. Zero degrees longitude (0) is called the prime meridian. Meridians meet at the poles and are widest apart at the equator. Unlike latitude lines, longitude lines are not parallel. longitude lines Imaginary lines, also called meridians, running vertically around the globe. Latitude is measured from 0 to 90 north and 0 to 90 south?90 north is the North Pole and 90 south is the South Pole. Zero degrees (0) latitude is the equator, the widest circumference of the globe. Each degree of latitude is about 69 miles (110 km) apart. Also called parallels, latitude lines are equidistant from each other. latitude lines Imaginary lines running horizontally around the globe. Includes study of regional formations and their relation to humans.
Geography The study of the physical features of the earth. Find the definition of geography terms and phrases.
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